Add detailed information to README
Expanded the README to provide more details about the configuration, including: - AS Numbers - IP Addressing (Management, Loopback, Underlay P2P, Host) - VXLAN Network Identifiers (VNI) - Features Implemented - Test Connectivity
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71
README.md
71
README.md
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ A production-ready Arista BGP EVPN-VXLAN data center fabric topology using Conta
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## 🎯 Overview
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This lab demonstrates a complete EVPN-VXLAN data center fabric with:
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- **2 Spine switches** (BGP Route Reflectors)
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- **8 Leaf switches** forming 4 VTEPs (MLAG pairs)
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- **BGP EVPN overlay** with L2/L3 VXLAN
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@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ docker exec -it clab-arista-evpn-fabric-leaf1 Cli
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## 📋 Configuration Details
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### AS Numbers
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- **Spine**: AS 65000
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- **VTEP1 (Leaf1/2)**: AS 65001
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- **VTEP2 (Leaf3/4)**: AS 65002
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@@ -74,57 +76,98 @@ docker exec -it clab-arista-evpn-fabric-leaf1 Cli
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### IP Addressing
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#### Management Network
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- Subnet: `172.16.0.0/24`
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- Spine1: `172.16.0.1`
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- Spine2: `172.16.0.2`
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- Leaf1-8: `172.16.0.25-32`
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#### Loopback Interfaces
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- **Router-ID Loopbacks (Lo0)**: `10.0.250.0/24`
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- Spine1: `10.0.250.1/32`
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- Spine2: `10.0.250.2/32`
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- Leaf1-8: `10.0.250.11-18/32`
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- Spine1: `10.0.250.1/32`
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- Spine2: `10.0.250.2/32`
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- Leaf1-8: `10.0.250.11-18/32`
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- **VTEP Loopbacks (Lo1)**: `10.0.255.0/24`
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- VTEP1: `10.0.255.11/32`
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- VTEP2: `10.0.255.12/32`
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- VTEP3: `10.0.255.13/32`
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- VTEP4: `10.0.255.14/32`
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- VTEP1: `10.0.255.11/32`
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- VTEP2: `10.0.255.12/32`
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- VTEP3: `10.0.255.13/32`
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- VTEP4: `10.0.255.14/32`
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#### Underlay P2P Links
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- Spine1 to Leafs: `10.0.1.0/31`, `10.0.1.2/31`, ... `10.0.1.14/31`
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- Spine2 to Leafs: `10.0.2.0/31`, `10.0.2.2/31`, ... `10.0.2.14/31`
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- MLAG iBGP peering: `10.0.3.0/31`, `10.0.3.2/31`, `10.0.3.4/31`, `10.0.3.6/31`
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#### Host Network Addressing
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| Host | VLAN | VRF | IP Address | Gateway | Type |
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|------|------|-----|------------|---------|------|
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| host1 | 40 | default | 10.40.40.101/24 | - | L2 VXLAN |
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| host2 | 34 | gold | 10.34.34.102/24 | 10.34.34.1 | L3 VXLAN |
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| host3 | 40 | default | 10.40.40.103/24 | - | L2 VXLAN |
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| host4 | 78 | gold | 10.78.78.104/24 | 10.78.78.1 | L3 VXLAN |
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| Host | VLAN | VRF | IP Address | Gateway | Type |
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| ----- | ---- | ------- | --------------- | ---------- | -------- |
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| host1 | 40 | default | 10.40.40.101/24 | - | L2 VXLAN |
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| host2 | 34 | gold | 10.34.34.102/24 | 10.34.34.1 | L3 VXLAN |
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| host3 | 40 | default | 10.40.40.103/24 | - | L2 VXLAN |
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| host4 | 78 | gold | 10.78.78.104/24 | 10.78.78.1 | L3 VXLAN |
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**Notes:**
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- Host1 and Host3 are in VLAN 40 (L2 VXLAN only) and can communicate at Layer 2
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- Host2 and Host4 are in VRF "gold" with different subnets, communicating via EVPN Type-5 routes (L3 VXLAN)
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- All hosts use LACP bonding (802.3ad) with dual-homing to MLAG leaf pairs
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### VXLAN Network Identifiers (VNI)
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#### L2 VNI (VLAN to VNI Mapping)
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| VLAN | Description | VNI | VTEPs | Route Target | Route Distinguisher |
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| ---- | ------------- | ------ | ------------------------------- | ------------ | -------------------------- |
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| 40 | test-l2-vxlan | 110040 | VTEP1, VTEP3 (Leaf1/2, Leaf5/6) | 40:110040 | 65001:110040, 65003:110040 |
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**L2 VNI Details:**
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- VLAN 40 is stretched across VTEP1 (Leaf1/2) and VTEP3 (Leaf5/6) for pure Layer 2 connectivity
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- Hosts in VLAN 40 (host1 and host3) communicate at Layer 2 across the EVPN fabric
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- EVPN Type-2 (MAC/IP) routes are used for MAC address learning and distribution
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#### L3 VNI (VRF to VNI Mapping)
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| VRF | Description | VNI | VTEPs | Route Target | VLANs |
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| ---- | ------------------------------- | ------ | ------------------------------- | ------------ | ------ |
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| gold | L3 VRF for inter-subnet routing | 100001 | VTEP2, VTEP4 (Leaf3/4, Leaf7/8) | 1:100001 | 34, 78 |
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**L3 VNI Details:**
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- VRF "gold" uses VNI 100001 for Layer 3 VXLAN routing between different subnets
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- VLAN 34 (10.34.34.0/24) on VTEP2 and VLAN 78 (10.78.78.0/24) on VTEP4 are both in VRF gold
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- EVPN Type-5 (IP Prefix) routes are used for inter-subnet routing
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- Each VTEP advertises its local subnets via EVPN, enabling routed connectivity between host2 and host4
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#### VNI Summary
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| VNI Type | VNI | Purpose | EVPN Route Type |
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| -------- | ------ | ----------------------------- | ------------------ |
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| L2 VNI | 110040 | Layer 2 extension for VLAN 40 | Type-2 (MAC/IP) |
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| L3 VNI | 100001 | Layer 3 routing for VRF gold | Type-5 (IP Prefix) |
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### Features Implemented
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✅ **Underlay**
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- BGP IPv4 Unicast
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- ECMP with 4 paths
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- eBGP between Spine-Leaf
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- iBGP between MLAG pairs
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✅ **Overlay**
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- BGP EVPN address family
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- VXLAN data plane
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- EVPN Type-2 (MAC/IP routes)
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- EVPN Type-5 (IP Prefix routes)
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✅ **High Availability**
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- MLAG dual-homing
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- Dual-active detection
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- Anycast VTEP gateway
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@@ -167,6 +210,7 @@ show mlag interfaces
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### Test Connectivity
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#### L2 VXLAN Testing (VLAN 40)
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Test Layer 2 connectivity between host1 and host3 across the EVPN fabric:
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```bash
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@@ -181,6 +225,7 @@ docker exec -it clab-arista-evpn-fabric-host3 ping -c 4 10.40.40.101
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```
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#### L3 VXLAN Testing (VRF gold)
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Test Layer 3 connectivity between host2 and host4 in VRF "gold":
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```bash
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